영어 전치사 연구 5. out

영어 전치사 연구

 

5. OUT

 

X가 Y에서 벗어나 있는 관계 / 벗어나려는 관계

 

① X의 성질

The Tunnel goes out.

He locked her out of the house.

She is out now.

 

② Y의 성질

He has asked her out

There is a fly in my soup, get it out.

Pluck that feather out.

This fool is for pressing juice out of fruit.

There are rocks in rice I sift them out.

He cut out the article about his performance.

 

③ Y가 활동영역인 경우

He chickened out of swimming across the river.

 

④ Y가 추상적인 개체인 경우

He has been singled out to represent our team.

When I was in trouble, my family bailed me out.

She passed out the orange juice.

The land was parcelled out among his children.

 

⑤ Y가 시작 또는 지각 영역인 경우

He come out that he has been cheated.

The public smoked out the criminal.

The heat rash broke out.

 

⑥ 불완전한 상태 ->완전상태 / 전체 ->부분

Police pieced out what has happened.

Think out the implication.

He is working out, the plot of his next book.

They are going to try out the new engine.

It all come out in the world.

 

⑦ 관찰자의 위치 / 관찰자가 Y밖과 Y안

Drown out the music.

Be sure to stamp the fire out.

The shoes wore out.

This gas will put out during operation.

The referee counted out the felled boxer.

 

⑧ 있던 것이 없어지는 경우와 그 반대

The bleached out the odd color.

The custom is dying out.

They laughed out his ideas.

That remark put me out.

I may throw out on idea which you may then throw out as a foolish one.

 

⑨ X와 Y가 같을 경우

We strung out along the narrow path.

The housing development has sprawled out all over the vally.

It ballooned out.

The soldiers spread out when they were crossing the field.

The tree is beginning to branch out.

 

⑩ 한계가 있는 확장

Write out the abbreviation.

The best way to round out your education is by travelling.

 

⑪ 잠재에서 실현으로

How can we seek out right person for the job?

Beat out the message on the drum.

peter blurted out the secret.

Scribble out your signature.

strum out a tune on the guitar.

Carry out your plans.

 

⑫ 주어가 X의 근원인 경우

The whale sends out distinctive sounds.

Mind out that you don't catch cold.

John hit out in all directions.

 

⑬ X가 시간인 경우

The year is out.

He served out his sentence.

He lived out his remaining years of his life in America.

At 12 O'clock he took time out for a cigarette.

With the approach of spring, the days begin to draw out quite noticeably.

 

⑭ X가 용기속의 양인 경우

When we were only a few miles from our destination the gasoline gave out.

We are out of milk.

It is doubtful whether out resources will hang out for more than two or three years more.

She talked herself out.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

영어 전치사 연구 4. up

영어 전치사 연구

 

4. up

 

① 전치사적 용법

 

-수직

The squirrel hurried up a tree.

She went up the stairs very carefully.

We round a long way up the river before dark.

 

-관습적

He walked up the drive to the front door.

The field of corn stretched up the road.

 

-상대적

Their house is farther up the road.

She carried the child up the ladder.

 

② 부사적 용법

 

-자세

He looked up and saw me.

-수, 지평선의 기준이 되는 예

The wreckage of a wooden ship was dredged up from the harbor bottom.

They rooted up the stumps.

These here building put up during the period.

The collar of this coat is badly cut, it rides up when I walk.

We ought to put a notice up on the board.

 

-높이의 증가

Seaweeds hank up along the waters edge (lay/ping/stock)

He parceled up the newspaper (buddle bunch)

I've got a flat tire and i'll have to find a garage and get it mended and blow up.

The marching men had to close up to let the oncoming truck to go pass.

The level of the river is up several feet and people are afraid that there may be flood.

There book can hold the bad up.

Is my hair striking up

 

③ 비유적 표현

- 기운이나 원기

You will soon pick up after a day or two in bed.

 

- 양이나 수의 증가

We will do what we can to stop price shooting up still further.

 

- 속도나 정도의 증가, 시각크기의 증가

He dislike oral exam most of all : The always tense him up

He exercise will help to firm up the flappy things.

He pulled up his car.

Don't bother buttering up to me.

 

- 시야 의식의 영역

In part of northen France still plough up shell fragments.

The pilot logged up seven hundred hours flying time on jets.

They are shaping up.

 

- 의식의 영역

His grandfather was a find recounter, dredged up quite effortlessly scenes of accident from his early life.

The police dug up an awful story about the man.

The speaker's words conjured up vision of perfect world.

I am mugging up on my medicine.

 

- 활동영역

The orchestra were already tuning up when we reached the hall.

A bout of malaria laid me up

 

-들뜬상태

The wheel churned up the mud in the road (whisk/whip)

Don't jumble up your ties and socks (muddle/mussed)

The weather really mucked up our weekend (fouled up)

I have mixed up the two event.

 

-인간관계

It's polite to yield up your seat on the bus to an odd person (pay/entire/deliver)

 

-한계가 있는 경우

-전치사로 표시되는 한계 - 선적한계

He dose not measure up to our standard.

George feel up to opening the present

The army has been built up to its wartime strength.

-개체 자체의 한계

The snow is holding the cars up.

The chimney is all chocked up with soot

Several cars piled up after ignoring the fog warning on the highway.

Drink up your milk or you won't go out and play.

-완전한, 강조

He close the door

He close the door up

The edge of the wound are joining up nicely.

The cut in his finger was sewn up with a pice of fine silk.

 

- 평면적 한계

He had had packed up few possessions he had and out.

 

-개체 전체

The furniture is so old that you right as well chop it up for firewood.

The ship aground and began to break up

It is dangerous to cork up these bottles while the wine is still fermenting.

Don't bottler to wipe up the dishs stack them.

We can't go until all the litter has been cleared up.

I won't stay cooped up all day in the room.

One of the ship blow up and sank.

 

영어 전치사 연구 3. across

영어 전치사 연구

 

3. across

(x across y)

 

① X가 실체인 경우

There was a rope across the street.

The was the bridge across the river.

There was a road across the room.

He drew a line across the page.

 

② X가 자취인 경우 - - - - -

-접촉

He walked across the road.

He swarm across the river.

He ran across the field.

He got across the ocean.

-비 접촉

We flew across the Atlantic.

You can fly to Korea across the North Pole.

-목적어로 쓰인 경우

The girl helped the children across the street.

I'll help you to push your cart arcoss the street.

 

③ 움직임의 결과

The house is across the street.

France line across the channel.

-기준점이 필요할 때는 From이 쓰인다.

his grandmother lived across the street from his house.

Betty seat across the aisle from her boy friend.

 

④ 부사적 용법

-X across Y에서 듣는이가 Y를 알 때 생략. ->부사

I saw a old lady across ( the street ) and as she was frightened.

I helped her across ( the street )

We came to river no bridge across ( river )

The middle of the bed has broken, and I am going ( to put some pieces of wood ) across (the bed )

 

⑤ 관용적 표현

I came across Mr. smith in the street.

I run across on old photograph of yours.

 

-말이나 생각을 상대방에게 전달하는 것.

I managed to get my argument across ~~

It was difficult to get across the basic idea.

He put the idea across~

I tried to put across my point of view.

She wasn't coming across as the simpleton I had expected her to be.

That was the impression that was coming across.

 

[영어 전치사 연구] 2. above

영어 전치사 연구

 

2. above

 

① 수직선상

The airplane was flying a few feet above the sea.

The kingdom is 11000 feet above the sea.

Some nice people are above us.

Hang the sign above the door.

 

② 수평선상

Oxford is above Henly on the above.

There was a waterfall above the bridge.

San Francisco is above the Los Angeles.

 

③ 수치 ( 많고 적음)

H cost above 5 dollars.

The fish weighed above 3 pounds.

Those whose make are above 9 will pass the examination.

 

④ 계급

The captain of the ship above the seamen.

John is above Tom in the army.

 

⑤ 가치판단 (수준)

He is above brigery.

He is above deceit.

He is above meanness.

His honesty is above suspicion.

You must be above cheating in the examination.

He is above stealing.

You should be above gossiping about your neighbors.

 

(능력의 높고 낮음)

The book is above me.

His lecture is above me.

 

⑥ 부사적 용법.

A student above and he is very noisy.

The sky above is blue.

Half of the rock is under water and half is above.

 

 

[영어 전치사 연구] 1. about

영어 전치사 연구

 

1. About - <here and there>

 

① 장소

The papers were scattered about the room.

The children are left their toys lying about the room.

Don't leave bottles, tins, and papers about the park.

hundreds of people were walking about the street.

Fifty or sixty people gathered about the table.

The street about the castle are full of the places of historic interest.

This plant grows in the meadows about oxford.

He goes about the country lecturing on the evils of drink.

The nature of his business enable him to get about world a great deal.

Children like to run about the park.

 

② 수치

He came at about 9:30

They are about 3 feet long.

There are about 200 pages in the book.

He is about 50 years old.

 

③ 추상적 속성

what's the best thing about the car.

What's your opinion about his work.

Is there something suspicious about his story?

Something about him seems strange.

There is sense of humor about him.

There is something about him that I like.

He is about on important piece of work.

I must be about my father's business.

He is angry about Tom.

Are you pleased about your job?

I feel guilty about leaving the kids behind.

 

④행동 및 과정

The train is about the leave.

I was about to go out

The concert is about to begin.

The dinner is about cooked.

The building about built.

The work about finished.

 

⑤ 부사적 용법

- about 뒤에는 당연하고, 쉽게 예상되는 것.

 

There is no one about (me)

The Cholera is about ~

He has left his paper about ~

The drivers slow down when they see children about ~

He fell down and tore his trousers about ~

He got drunk and hit his wife about ~

He is always fooling about ~

We have to hang about for a while.

She just loafed about for two years.

 

about : ~ 대해서, 여기저기에, 범위는 "of" 보다 넓고 세부적이다.

 

외로움은 삶을 살아 가는 힘이라고?

나는 외롭다. 외롭다는 것은 상대적인 것을까. 요즘은 수업이 없는 방학이라 알바할때를 빼놓고 거의 혼자 시간을 보내는 중이다. 사람과 함께 하지 않아서 외로운걸까. 맞는 말이다. 그렇지만, 내각 생각하는 외로움은 사람과 함께 있어도 느껴질때가 있다. 그것은 많은 사람들에게 둘러쌓여 있지만, 정작 본인은 적을 어디에 두어야 할지, 혹은 내게 적을 둘 만한 공간이 있을지 모르겠다는 것이다. <섬>에서 장그르니는 도피와 차단의 장소로 사람들이 들끓는 파리 도심의 한 공간을 소개한 바 있다. 그 곳은 언제나 사람들에게 공개되서 비밀이 없는 것 같으면서도 문을 닫고 무언가를 할때는 정말 비밀스러운 단절의 장소이다. 나는 지금 그런곳에 있는 것같다. 집 밖을 나가면 늘 사람들(내가 아는 혹은 잘 모르는)이 있지만,  집 안에서는 결코 그들과의 단절된 공간을 만들어낸다. 그런것에서 비밀스러움 보다는 외로움을 느낀다.

 

정말 외로운 것은 진지함과 농담이 사라지고, 그것들이 뒤바뀐것 같다는 생각이 들때이다. 친구라는 존재와 삶에 대해서 혹은 꿈에 대해서 이야기해 본적이 없다고 생각한다. 그런 것들을 이야기 하려고 하면 그들은 팔짱을 끼고 한발짝 물러선다. 그러면서 "자격증" "토익"이란 말을 꺼내면 나는 그떄 부터 귀를 막고 그냥 그들에게 어울리는 존재가 되려고 한다. 진정으로 진지하게 이야기 할 사람과, 진지할 때 농담을 주고 받을 수 있는 사람이 주변에는 많치 않다. 내가 너무 신중해서일까.